7. Qāʿidat qāla wa bāʿa

If:

• a fatḥah comes after و or ي with ḥarakat

Then:

• change to alif.

Example:

The conditions for this change to take place are that the wāw and yāʾ do not occur:

1. In the fāʾ kalimah, e.g. تَوَعَّدَ, تَوَفَّى and تَيَسَّرَ
2. In the ʿayn lafīf¹, e.g. طَوَى and حَيِيَ
3. Before the alif of tathniyah, e.g. دَعَوَا and رَمَيَا
4. Before an extraneous madd, e.g. طَوِيْلٌ, غَيُوْرٌ and غَيَابَةٌ
5. Before yāʾ tashdīd or the nūns of taʾkīd, e.g. عَلَوِيٌّ and اِخْشَيَنَّ
6. In colours or defects, e.g. عَوِرَ and صَيِدَ
7. On the scale of فَعَلَانَ, فَعَلى and فَعَلَةٌ, e.g. دَوَرَانَ, سَيَلَانَ, صَوَرَى, حَيَدى and حَوَكَةٌ

In iftiʿāl with the meaning of tafāʿul, e.g. اِجْتَوَرَ, اِعْتَوَر.

Footnotes

1. When two ḥarf ʿillah occur in one verb. ↩